Starting with the sensor, measuring and controlling temperature is an essential building block of process industries. Automatic control in continuous processes uses industrial control systems to ...

Feeling hot and cold at the same time while sitting at home during winter, but cannot understand which is the right idea to ...

Designing an analog circuit can be a frustrating experience, as noted by Nick Cornford in his Design Idea (DI), “DIY RTD for a DMM.” With a fortnight’s struggle, I completed the design of 4 mA to 20mA ...

Optical lithography is employed in manufacturing integrated circuits. It starts with attaching a photosensitive material—or photoresist—to the substrate. A photomask with the required pattern is ...