The operational amplifier is arguably the most useful single device in analog electronic circuitry. When you apply them in the circuits, you must know their basics and functions. As for the function ...

Andy recommends favorite resources for basic op amp circuits and includes a portion of TI's AN-20. Test your knowledge with our op amp quiz; answer explanations are included. By 1969, a fledgling ...

In the first article about measurement systems we looked at sensors as a way to bring data into a measurement system. I explained that a sensor measures physical quantities which are turned into a ...

The term instrumentation amplifier (INA) often is misused, referring to the application rather than the architecture of the device. Historically, any amplifier that was considered precision (i.e., ...

A version of Part 1 appeared in the Dec. 2011/Jan. 2012 issue of Test & Measurement World. See the PDF. In January 1979, Electronic Test published an article claiming that a single test circuit that ...