In the summer of 1912, a 22-year-old graduate student went on holiday with his parents to Britain's Yorkshire coast. There, his father, the physicist William H. Bragg, received a letter describing a ...

What happens when a wave passes through some opening? It diffracts - or you like, you could say "bends". If the size of the opening is comparable to the wavelength of the wave, the bending can be ...

In many industries, laser diffraction is used to perform routine particle size analysis. The power of laser diffraction is such that it has started to replace conventional techniques, such as sieving.

Today, astronomers seek to observe the faintest and most distant objects possible. Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs), with apertures in the order of several dozen meters, are the next generation ...

How do organic solar cells work on the inside? The answer lies in structures far too small to see—and difficult to access ...

Particle size analysis is crucial to quality control and product development in a number of key industries including aerosols, construction, food and beverage, paint and coatings, and pharmaceuticals.

The (relatively) ancient art of crystallography has had a huge impact on modern science by showing us the location of atoms within a molecule. The structure of DNA (and how it acts as an information ...

Do not exceed 10 mA of current! The electron diffraction tube is fragile. Handle with care. Turn down the high voltage when not in use. It is worthwhile to contrast the diffraction of electrons with ...

The spectrum of laser technologies available to hackers has gradually widened from basic gas lasers through CO2 tubes, diode lasers, and now fiber lasers. One of the newer entries is the MOPA laser, ...